黄怡,赵聪,杨洋,刘轲,牟秋雨,杨林,胡进耀
HUANG Yi,ZHAO Cong,YANG Yang,LIU Ke,MOU Qiuyu,YANG Lin,HU Jinyao

• 1:绵阳师范学院生命科学与技术学院
• 2:森林与草原防灾减灾四川省高校工程研究中心
• 3:西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

川西北沙化草地在围栏禁牧生态恢复过程中,土壤中有机质、全氮、水解性氮变化特征,研究对象为:未修复沙化草地、围栏禁牧生态恢复时间分别为5年、10年的沙化草地,研究其不同围栏禁牧时间沙化草地0～40 cm土层土壤中有机质、全氮、水解性氮的变化。其结果表明,随着围栏禁牧时间的增长,各土层土壤有机质、全氮含量均增加,植被盖度、高度均极显著提高,其中,增加幅度较大的是0～20 cm土层。围栏禁牧10年,沙化草地土壤有机质、全氮含量比未修复沙化草地分别增长34.05%、27.89%,均显著高于未修复沙化草地;各土层土壤水解性氮含量却呈现先减少后增加的特征,其中,0～20 cm土层,围栏禁牧5年沙化草地较未修复沙化草地水解性氮含量减少了23.80%,围栏禁牧10年沙化草地较围栏禁牧5年沙化草地水解性氮含量增加了24.19%;20～40 cm土层,围栏禁牧5年沙化草地较未修复沙化草地水解性氮含量减少了31.49%,围栏禁牧10年沙化草地较围栏禁牧5年沙化草地水解性氮含量增加了1.13%。
In the process of ecological restoration of grazing exclusion desertification grassland in northest Sichuan,the variation characteristics of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and hydrolytic nitrogen in 0-40 cm soil layer of unrestored sandy land, and grazing exclusion grassland with ecological restoration time of 5 and 10 years respectively were studied. The results showed that with the increase of grazing exclusion time, the vegetation coverage and height increased significantly, and the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in each soil layer increased, especially in 0-20 cm soil layer. After 10 years of grazing exclusion, the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in sandy land increased by 34.05% and 27.89% respectively, which were significantly higher than those in unrestored desertification grassland. However, the content of soil hydrolytic nitrogen in each soil layer decreased at first and then increased. In 0-20 cm soil layer, the hydrolytic nitrogen content of the fenced desertification grassland with 5-year grazing exclusion decreased by 23.80% compared with that of the unrestored desertification grassland. Compared with5-year grazing exclusion sandy grassland, the hydrolytic nitrogen increases by 24.19% in 10-year grazing exclusion sandy grassland. In the soil layer of 20-40 cm, the hydrolytic nitrogen content of sandy grassland with 5-year grazing exclusion decreased by 31.49% compared with that of the unrestored desertification grassland, and the hydrolytic nitrogen content of desertification grassland with 10-year grazing exclusion increased by 1.13% compared with that of the 5-year grazing exclusion desertification grassland.

关键词(KeyWords)： 有机质;全氮;水解性氮;围栏禁牧;沙化草地
Organic matter;Total nitrogen;Hydrolytic nitrogen;Grazing exclusion;Desertification grassland

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 四川省教育厅重点项目(18ZA0266);; 四川省科技厅项目(2019YFS0167);; 东西部大学环境教育类慕课建设比较研究(17YC141);; 2018年四川省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201810639040)

作者(Author): 黄怡,赵聪,杨洋,刘轲,牟秋雨,杨林,胡进耀
HUANG Yi,ZHAO Cong,YANG Yang,LIU Ke,MOU Qiuyu,YANG Lin,HU Jinyao

参考文献(References)：

• [1]彭佳佳，胡玉福，肖海华，等.生态修复对川西北沙化草地土壤有机质和氮素的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境，2015,29(5):149-153.
• [2]杨雨薇，吴迪.若尔盖县土地沙化研究进展[J].安徽农学通报，2019,25(18):98-101+104.
• [3]孙建东.最美的湿地若尔盖[J].资源与人居环境，2019(4):28-29.
• [4] Zhu J X, Wang Q F, He N P, et al. Soilnitrogenmineralizationandassociatedtemperaturesensitivity of different Inner Mongoliangrasslands[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013, 33(19):6320-6327.
• [5] Sun G, Wu N, Luo P. CharacteristicsofsoilnitrogenandcarbonofpasturesunderdifferentmanagementinnorthwesternSi-chuan[J]. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 2005, 29(2):304-310.
• [6] Burke I C, Lauenroth W K, Parton W J. Regional and Temporal Variation in Net Primary Production and Nitrogen Mineralization in Grasslands[J]. Ecology, 1997, 78(5):1330.
• [7]阿穆拉，赵萌莉，韩国栋，等.放牧强度对荒漠草原地区土壤有机碳及全氮含量的影响[J].中国草地学报，2011(3):117-120.
• [8] Qin Y S, Tu S H, Sun X F, et al. Effectsofnitrogen, phosphateandpotashfertilizersonfencedpastureinthenorthwesternSichuanprovince[J].Pratacultural Science, 2008, 25(3):68-73.
• [9]申格.若尔盖高原湿地生态退化遥感监测及其驱动力定量分析[D].中国农业科学院, 2017.
• [10]常晶晶，徐丽，薛晶月，等.放牧强度对若尔盖高寒草甸土壤有机质和微生物的影响[J].草业学报，2018,27(1):22-31.
• [11]赵宁，张洪轩，王若梦，等.放牧对若尔盖高寒草甸土壤氮矿化及其温度敏感性的影响[J].生态学报，2014,34(15):4234-4241.
• [12]唐明坤.四川若尔盖县不同退化程度草地群落比较研究[A].中国林学会.第九届中国林业青年学术年会论文摘要集[C].中国林学会:中国林学会, 2010:1.
• [13]刘学敏，罗久富，陈德朝，等.若尔盖高原不同退化程度草地植物种群生态位特征[J].浙江农林大学学报，2019,36(2):289-297.
• [14]胡容,叶春,蒲玉琳,等.若尔盖高寒沼泽湿地退化过程中土壤有机氮组分的演变特征[J/OL].土壤学报, 2019(6):1-11[2019-11-28].
• [15]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].第三版,北京:中国农业出版社, 2007.
• [16]周卫.土壤农化分析试验方法的改进与探索[J].农业技术与装备，2019(10):70+72.
• [17]孙长安，王炜炜，董磊，尹忠东.我国植被恢复对土壤性状影响研究综述[J].长江科学院院报，2008(3):6-8+22.
• [18]周璟，张旭东，周金星，何丹.我国植被恢复对土壤质量的影响研究综述[J].世界林业研究，2009,22(2):56-61.
• [19]顾峰雪，潘晓玲，潘伯荣，文启凯.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地人工植被土壤肥力变化[J].生态学报，2002(8):1179-1188.
• [20]胡连通，毛英，胡进耀，等.川西北高寒沙化草地修复过程中植物群落变化特征[J].四川林业科技，2019,40(5):11-16.
• [21]蒋双龙，胡玉福，蒲琴，等.川西北高寒草地沙化过程中土壤氮素变化特征[J].生态学报，2016,36(15):4644-4653.