川西亚高山白桦林内空气和土壤温度动态Temperature Dynamics of Soil and Air in Subalpine Betula platyphylla Forest in Western Sichuan
李德文,兰立达
LI De-wenLAN LI-da(Sichuan Silvicultural Survey Brigade;Chengdu610081;
摘要(Abstract)：
2002年5月～10月对川西亚高山白桦林内空气和土壤温度的时空动态的研究结果表明:1)不同层次土壤温度的日变化对天气变化的响应不同。土壤越深,其温度的日变化越小,且最高温出现的时间会滞后。林内和林外空气温度的日变化对天气变化的响应也不同。2)土壤与空气温度的旬变化一致,即土壤温度的旬平均值随着空气温度的旬平均值升高而升高。气温旬平均值的变化幅度比土壤大,且气温的变化速度比土壤快,尤其是9月上旬以后,空气温度的下降非常明显。3)在6月和7月土壤的月平均温度小于空气的月平均温度,但是5月和8月到10月情况却相反。由于白桦次生林的物种组成和群落空间结构简单,且叶面积指数较小,群落的透光系数较大,群落内外的空气温度差异也较小,体现出川西亚高山次生阔叶林的小气候特征。
From May to October in 2002,researches were conducted on the temporal and spacial dynamics of air and soil temperature in the subalpine Betula platyphylla forest in western Sichuan.The results showed that:1.Responses of the diurnal change of soil temperature in different layers to sunny and cloudy day were very different.The diurnal change of soil temperature would become smaller along with the increase of the soil depth,and the time when its highest temperature appeared would lag behind.The diurnal variation of air temperature in and outside the forest had also a different response to the climatic change;2.The mean ten-day soil temperature would increase with the elevation of mean ten-day air temperature.The mean ten-day air temperature had a larger change cextent than the mean ten-day soil temperature,and air had a more rapid change velocity than soil.Especially after early September,the dropping of air temperature was very obvious;3.In June and July,the mean monthly soil temperature was smaller than the mean monthly air temperatnre,but the case was reverse from May to October.The spatial structure and species composition of communities in the secondary Betula platyphylla forest were simple,and the leaf area index was also low,so the transmittance in communities was high and the difference of air temperature with in and outside the community was not so great,reflecting the main features of microclimate in the secondary broad-leaved forest on the subapine mountain in western Sichuan.
关键词(KeyWords)：
动态;温度;土壤与空气;白桦林;亚高山
Dynamics,Temperature,Soil and air,Betula platyphylla,Subalpine
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Authors):
李德文,兰立达
LI De-wenLAN LI-da(Sichuan Silvicultural Survey Brigade;Chengdu610081;
DOI: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2005.02.005
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