叶珍林,吴友贵,周荣飞,叶彬,鲍毅新
YE Zhen-lin1 WU You-gui1 ZHOU Rong-fei1 YE Bin2 BAO Yi-xin2*(1.Baishanzu Nature Reserve of Zhejiang,Qingyuan 323800,China, 2.Institute of Ecology,Zhejiang Normal University

• 1:浙江百山祖自然保护区
• 2:浙江师范大学生态研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

2010年7月和11月,采用铗日法对百山祖自然保护区的五岭坑(海拔约900 m)、万里林(海拔约1 100 m)、栗洋村(海拔约1 300 m)、百山祖保护站(海拔约1 500 m)等4个不同海拔保护站的小型兽类进行调查,分析海拔梯度下小型兽类群落结构的垂直变化。共捕获小型兽类101只,隶属于2目3科10种。结果表明,不同海拔小型兽类捕获率与生物量均有极显著差异(P<0.01),优势种社鼠(Niviventer confucianus)捕获率最高,且占有最大比例的生物量,刺毛鼠(Niviventer fulvescens)次之;中海拔(1 100 m～1 300 m)区域小型兽类物种多样性和均匀度高于低海拔和高海拔。与以往研究相似,中海拔(1 100 m～1 300 m)区域的捕获率和生物量均相对较低,不同海拔生境类型及生境中的人为干扰的综合作用可能是造成这一结果的主要原因。
In July and November of the year 2010,4 sampling sites were choosen,namely Wulingkeng(with an elevation of 900 m),Wanlilin(with an elevation of 1 100 m),Liyang(with an elevation of 1 300 m) and Baishanzu Station(with an elevation of 1 500 m),which are located at different altitudes,aiming to trap small mammals for studying the vertical variation of their communities.A total of 101 individuals of small mammals were captured,belonging to 2 orders,3 families,10 species.The results showed that capture rates and biomass at 4 altitudes had highly significant differences(P<0.01).The dominant species,Niviventer confucianus,had the highest captured rate and a great percentage of the biomass,followed by Niviventer fulvescens.Similar to previous studies,both diversity and evenness of small mammals at middle altitudes(1 100 m~1 300 m) were higher than those at low and high altitudes.On the contrary,captured rate and biomass of small mammals at middle altitudes(1 100 m~1 300 m) were both lower than those at low altitudes and high altitudes.It was indicated that the comprehensive effect of habitat types at different altitudes and human disturbances in habitats might be the cause of this result.

关键词(KeyWords)： 小型兽类;群落结构;生物量;海拔;百山祖自然保护区
Small mammal,Community structure,Biomass,Altitude,Baishanzu Nature Reserve

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 叶珍林,吴友贵,周荣飞,叶彬,鲍毅新
YE Zhen-lin1 WU You-gui1 ZHOU Rong-fei1 YE Bin2 BAO Yi-xin2*(1.Baishanzu Nature Reserve of Zhejiang,Qingyuan 323800,China, 2.Institute of Ecology,Zhejiang Normal University

DOI: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2013.03.013

参考文献(References)：

• [1]郑雄,李波,蒋光权,等.四川九顶山自然保护区的小型兽类群落结构[J].四川林业科技,2009,30(5):69～85.
• [2]吴德林,邓向福.云南热带和亚热带山地森林鼠形啮齿类的群落结构、多样性、相对丰度、密度和生物量[J].兽类学报,1988,8(1):25～32.
• [3]王淯,王小明,胡锦矗,等.唐家河自然保护区小型兽类群落结构[J].兽类学报,2003,23(1):39～44.
• [4]Hodkinson I D,Hodkinson E.Pondering the imponderable:a prob-ability based approach to estimating insect diversity from repeatfaunal samples[J].Entomology,1993,18(1):91～92.
• [5]Scheiner S M.Measuring pattern diversity[J].Ecology,1992,73(5):1860～1867.
• [6]Wilson C C,Hebert P D N.The maintenance of taxon diversity inan asexual assemblage:an experimental analysis[J].Ecology,1992,73(4):1402～1422.
• [7]肖治术,王玉山,张知彬,等.都江堰地区小型哺乳动物群落与生境类型关系的初步研究[J].生物多样性,2002,10(2):163～169.
• [8]张云智,龚正达,冯锡光,等.云南白草岭鼠形小兽群落结构及垂直分布[J].动物学杂志,2002,37(2):63～66.
• [9]王艳妮,周材权,张君,等.唐家河国家级自然保护区夏季啮齿动物的群落分析[J].西华师范大学学报(自然科学版),2005,26(3):247～251.
• [10]刘井元,杜红,田耕百,等.武陵山东段不同样地小型兽类群落结构及多样性分布[J].动物学研究,2008,29(6):637～645.
• [11]李义明,许龙,马勇,等.神农架自然保护区非飞行哺乳动物的物种丰富度—沿海拔梯度的分布格局[J].生物多样性,2003,11(1):1～9.
• [12]马俊,吴永杰,夏霖,等.螺髻山自然保护区非飞行小型哺乳动物垂直多样性调查[J].兽类学报,2010,30(4):400～410.
• [13]余久华,姚丰平,陈小荣,等.百山祖自然保护区主要植被类型概述[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2003,11(2):93～98.
• [14]陈德良,吴友贵,夏家天,等.百山祖自然保护区小型兽类的群落分析[J],浙江林业科技,2012,32(3):54～61.
• [15]Shannon C E,Wiever W.The mathematical theory of communica-tion[M].Urbana:University of Illinois Press,1949.
• [16]Pielou E C.An introduction to mathematical ecology[J].NewYork:Wiley-Interscience,1969.
• [17]Hurlbert S H.The measurement of niche overlap and some rela-tives[J].Ecology,1978,59(1):67～77.
• [18]Whittaker R H.Vegetation of the Siskiyou mountains,Oregon andCalifornia[J].Ecological Monographs.1960,30:279～338.
• [19]李龙建,王涛,李淑芳,等.北京市灵山地区鼠类种群特征的调查研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2009,12(20):516～518.
• [20]孙波,鲍毅新,张龙龙,等.千岛湖岛屿化对社鼠的肥满度之影响[J].动物学研究,2009,30(5):545～552.
• [21]Heaney L R.Small mammal diversity along elevational gradientsin the Philippines:an assessment of patterns and hypotheses[J].Global Ecology and Biogeography,2001,10(1):15～39.
• [22]Nor S M.Elevational diversity patterns of small mammals onMount Kinabalu,Sabah,Malaysia[J].Global Ecology and Bioge-ography,2001,10(1):41～62.
• [23]吴鸣翔.百山祖冷杉——一种新的冷杉的发现[J].植物分类学报.1976,14(2):15～21.